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|  SHUTTER SPEED:
1. If your subject is moving, even just a little, you
need a fast shutter speed to freeze the motion.
Indoors, often the flash will fire because of low light, and
this actually helps freeze motion, but outside, you need to
determine what shutter speed you are using, even if your camera
is usually on "automatic". Most cameras do offer
a "shutter priority" setting. With
this setting, you choose the shutter speed, within
a range of possible choices, and the camera will balance the
light by using an appropriate lens opening.
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Remember, there is no photograph
without enough light, so just wanting to shoot at
a fast speed does not mean that it is possible. If the animal
is seated, try a 125, which is really 1/125 of
a second! This sounds incredibly fast, but it is actually rather
average and usually a safe speed to use in many situations.
If the animal is on its feet, try 250 and even
500 if your camera indicates that there is enough
light at these settings. An animal that is running across your
view is harder to "freeze" than one that is running
towards or away from you. Try to follow the motion (pan) as
smoothly as possible - a tripod can be used for better control.
(Can you use the flash outside to freeze motion? It's possible,
but it depends on how close the animal is and how bright the
natural light is, because in most daytime situations, the flash
will not overpower the sunlight.)
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|  CAMERA SHAKE:
2. Another reason
for photos that are completely out of focus
is closely related to the issue above. Motion is the problem,
but not the motion of the subject- the motion of the
photographer! If you use a slow shutter speed
(anything slower than 60) you will probably shake the camera,
so keep your speed at 125 or higher to avoid this problem.
Using a tripod would help, but you need much more mobility
when you are working with most animals. Next
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